Sebi kya hai?
SEBI ka matlab hai "Securities and Exchange Board of India". Ye Bharat me securities market ke liye regulatory body hai jo ki SEBI Act 1992 ke antargat sthapit hua hai. SEBI ka kaam investors ke hiton ko surakshit rakhna aur Bharat ke securities market ki vikas ko badhava dene ka hai.
SEBI ke zimmedari hai securities market me vyapar karne wale alag-alag entities jaise ki stock exchanges, brokers, mutual funds aur anya market intermediaries ki functioning ki niyamak aur oversight karna. Iske alawa, ye securities market ke liye niyam aur guidelines ka formulation aur implementation karta hai, frauds aur unfair trade practices ka monitoring karta hai, aur securities transactions se sambandhit disputes aur grievances ka samadhan karta hai.
SEBI ka mahatvapurna bhumika hai Bharat ke securities market ki integrity ko maintain karna aur ise transparent, fair, aur efficient tareeke se chalane ka bharpoor prayas karna.
Sebi Q bnaya gya?
Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) ka gathan (establishment) 1988 me kiya gaya tha, par iska adhiniyam, yani SEBI Act, 1992 me parit kiya gaya tha.
SEBI ko Bharat Sarkar ne Bharat ke securities market ko regulate karne ke liye establish kiya tha. SEBI ke gathan ka uddeshya, investors ko surakshit rakhna aur securities market ko transparent, fair aur efficient tarike se chalane ka hai.
SEBI Act, 1992 ko Bharat ke parliament ne pass kiya tha, aur iske antargat SEBI ka adhikar, securities market me niyamak ke roop me tay kar diya gaya tha. SEBI ko Ministry of Finance ke antargat regulate kiya jata hai.
kush baate share bazar{share market} k baare me :
Share market, jise equity market ya stock market bhi kaha jata hai, ek aisa market hai jahan par companies apne stocks ya shares ko sell aur purchase karte hai. Share market ka kaam companies aur investors ke beech me ek platform provide karna hai, jiske through companies apne stocks ko sell kar sakti hai aur investors apne paise ko invest kar sakte hai.
Jab koi company share market me apne stocks ko sell karti hai, tab use initial public offering (IPO) kaha jata hai. IPO me company shares ko public ke through sale karti hai. Investors apne paise ko company ke shares me invest karte hai, jiske through unhe company ki ownership ka ek hissa milta hai. Investors company ke profits ke hisab se dividend receive karte hai aur jab company ke shares ki value increase hoti hai, tab investors unhe higher price par sell karke profit earn karte hai.
Share market ki value jyadatar supply and demand ke basis par tay hoti hai. Agar kisi company ke shares ki demand jyada hai, to uske shares ki price increase hoti hai aur agar shares ki supply jyada hai to uske price decrease hoti hai. Share market ke andar trading ke alawa, investors mutual funds, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), bonds, aur other securities me bhi invest karte hai.
In short, share market ek aisa platform hai jahan par companies aur investors apne stocks aur paise ko invest karte hai aur financial returns earn karte hai.
Bharat ke pramukh share bazar (stock exchanges) hai:
1. Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE): BSE, jo ki Asia ka sabse purana share bazar hai, Mumbai me sthapit hua hai. Isme lagbhag 5000 se adhik companies listed hai aur ye equity, debt, currencies, and derivatives jaise vibhinn prakar ke securities ka trade karti hai.
2. National Stock Exchange (NSE): NSE bhi Mumbai me sthapit hai aur BSE ke baad Bharat ka dusra sabse bada share bazar hai. NSE me bhi lagbhag 5000 se adhik companies listed hai aur ye equity, debt, currencies, and derivatives ke trade ke liye popular hai.
3. Calcutta Stock Exchange (CSE): CSE Kolkata, West Bengal me sthapit hai aur ye 1908 me establish hua tha. Isme lagbhag 200 se adhik companies listed hai aur ye mainly equity securities ka trade karti hai.
4. National Commodity & Derivatives Exchange Limited (NCDEX): NCDEX Mumbai, Maharashtra me sthapit hai aur ye commodities aur derivatives ka trade karti hai.
Ye kuch pramukh share bazar hai, lekin aise aur bhi kai share bazar hai jo Bharat me active hai.
RBI Kya hai?
RBI Bharat ke banking system ke liye bahut mahatvapurna hai aur iski zimmedari hai ki Bharat ke banking system ki stability aur reliability maintain ki jaye.
Reserve Bank of India (RBI) ko Q bnaya gya hai?
Reserve Bank of India (RBI) ko British Raj ke dauran 1 April, 1935 ko establish kiya gaya tha. Iske establish hone se pehle bhi Bharat me kuch central banks the, jaise ki Bank of Hindustan, General Bank of India aur Bengal Bank. Lekin RBI ka establish hone ke baad, yah un central banks ke badle me Bharat ki official central bank ban gaya.
RBI ko establish karne ke peechhe ka main uddeshya, British government ko Bharat me ek stable currency aur efficient banking system establish karne ka tha. RBI ka establish hone ke baad, iska main kaam Bharat ke banking system ko regulate karna aur Bharat ki currency ko manage karna tha.
RBI ka adhikar Bharat Sarkar ke haath me hai aur iska Governor, jo ki Bharat Sarkar ke appointees hote hai, RBI ka sabse senior officer hota hai.
RBI ke pramukh kaam:
Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Bharat ki central bank hai, jiska zimmedari hai Bharat ke monitory policy aur banking system ko regulate karna. RBI ke pramukh kaam kuch is prakar hai:
1. Monetary Policy: RBI ke paas monitory policy ka control hai, jisme inflation aur economic growth ko balance rakhne ke liye interest rates ko regulate kiya jata hai. RBI har quarter me monetary policy review karta hai aur interest rates ko adjust karta hai.
2. Banking Regulation: RBI ka kaam hai Bharat ke banking system ko niyamit karna aur use regulate karna. RBI bankon ke licenses issue karta hai aur bankon ko supervise karta hai, jisse ki unka functioning sahi tarah se ho sake.
3. Currency Management: RBI ka kaam Bharat ki currency ko manage karna hai. RBI new currency ko issue karta hai aur unusable currency ko withdraw karta hai. RBI currency circulation aur supply ko regulate karta hai.
4. Foreign Exchange Management: RBI Bharat ke foreign exchange reserves ko manage karta hai. Iske alawa, RBI Bharat ke international transactions ko bhi monitor karta hai.
5. Developmental Role: RBI Bharat ke economic development aur financial stability ko promote karta hai. RBI apne policies aur programs ke through banking system ko develop karta hai aur financial inclusion ke liye measures leta hai.
Ye kuch pramukh kaam hai, jo RBI ke zimmedari me aate hai. RBI ke functions ke madhyam se, yah Bharat ke financial system ki stability aur reliability ko maintain karta hai.
Difference b/w SEBI (Securities and Exchange Board of India) aur RBI (Reserve Bank of India) :
SEBI (Securities and Exchange Board of India) aur RBI (Reserve Bank of India) dono Bharat ke financial system ke niyamak hote hai, lekin in dono ke beech me kuch differences hai.
SEBI ka kaam securities market ki regulation karna hai, jahan par stocks, bonds, derivatives, mutual funds aur other securities trade kiye jate hai. SEBI market intermediaries aur investors ki interests ko protect karne ke liye rules aur regulations banati hai, market ke frauds aur manipulations se nipatne ki koshish karti hai, aur investor complaints ka resolution karti hai.
RBI ka kaam monetary policy regulate karna hai, jisme currency supply, interest rates aur inflation control jaise aspects shamil hai. RBI Bharat ke banking system ko regulate aur supervise karti hai aur financial stability ke liye measures leti hai. RBI also manages foreign exchange reserves aur Bharat ke international transactions ko monitor karta hai.
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In short, SEBI primarily regulates securities market while RBI focuses on monetary policy and banking regulation. However, both organizations play important roles in maintaining the integrity and stability of India's financial system.