Bharat (India) ek loktantrik desh hai, jiske andar chunaav pratyek paanch saal mein hote hain. In chunaavon ke zariye, desh ke nagrik apne rajya ke vidhaan sabha aur kendriya sarkar ke liye apna vote dete hain.
Bharat mein, chunaav aayog desh ke chunaav prabandhan ka zimmedar hai. Chunaav aayog bharat ke chunaavon ko aayojit karta hai, chunaav ki tithiyan tay karta hai, chunaav ke niyam aur vidhiyon ka paalan karta hai, aur chunaav parinaam ka khyaal rakhta hai.
Chunaav ke dauraan, sabhi pratinidhiyon aur dalon ko saman avsar milta hai apni baat rakhne ka. Media bhi chunaav ki khoj karta hai aur chunaav ke baare mein logo ko jankari pradan karta hai.
Chunaav ke prabhav ki wajah se, Bharat ke nagrikon ke beech mein bahut se mudde uthne lagte hain. Sabhi dalon ki tarah, BJP, Congress, AAP, BSP, SP aur bahut si aur dal chunaav mein hissa lete hain. In dalon ke pratinidhi apni party ke liye chunaav ladte hain.
Jab chunaav samapt ho jata hai, chunaav aayog matdaan ki ginati karke parinaam ghoshit karta hai. Jo dal ya vyakti bahumat laata hai, vahi sarkar bana leta hai.
Is tarah se, Bharat mein chunaav ek bahut mahatvapoorn gatividhi hai, jiske zariye nagrikon ko apni rajneeti mein bhagidaari ka mauka milta hai.
Bharat (India) mein kai prakaar ke chunaav hote hain. Yahaan kuch pramukh chunaavon ke baare mein bataya ja raha hai:
1. Lok Sabha Chunav: Lok Sabha chunaav Bharat ke kendriya sarkar ko chunne ke liye hote hain. Lok Sabha ke sadasya ka chunaav pratyek paanch saal ke baad hota hai aur ismein sabhi Bharatiya nagrik matdaan kar sakte hain.
2. Vidhan Sabha Chunav: Vidhan Sabha chunaav Bharat ke rajya sarkar ko chunne ke liye hote hain. Pratyek rajya ke Vidhan Sabha mein pratinidhi chunaav se chune jaate hain.
3. Nagar Palika Chunav: Nagar Palika chunaav shaharon aur kasbon ke nagar palikao ke naye sadasyon ko chunne ke liye hote hain.
4. Gram Panchayat Chunav: Gram Panchayat chunaav desh ke gaonon ke gram panchayaton ke naye sadasyon ko chunne ke liye hote hain.
5. Rajya Sabha Chunav: Rajya Sabha chunaav Bharat ke rajya sarkar ke pratinidhiyon ko chunne ke liye hote hain. Rajya Sabha ke sadasya ka chunaav rajya vidhaan sabha ke sadasya matdaan karke hota hai.
6. Uchch Nyayalaya ke Jaj Chunav: Uchch Nyayalaya ke Jaj chunaav Bharat ke nyayik prakriya ko prabhavit karte hain. Uchch Nyayalaya ke Jaj chunaav ki prakriya Bharat ke rashtrapati ke dwara kiya jata hai.
Yeh kuch pramukh chunaav hain jo Bharat mein hote hain. Iske alawa, chune hue sadasyon ki jagah bharti karne ke liye bhi chunaav hote hain.
lok sabha chunaav
Lok Sabha Chunav Bharat ke kendriya sarkar ko chunne ke liye hote hain. Bharat mein Lok Sabha Chunav pratyek 5 saal ke baad aayojit kiye jaate hain. Is chunaav mein Bharat ke sabhi nagriko ko matdaan karne ka adhikar hota hai aur ismein desh ke sabhi vidhan sabhaon ke sadasya aur Kendriya Karmchariyon ke saath-saath baki nagriko ko bhi matdaan karne ka adhikar hota hai.
Lok Sabha Chunav ka prakriya kareeban 1 mahine tak chalta hai, jismein pratyek rajya ke alag-alag chunav aayog matdaan ki tithiyan tay karte hain. Chunaav ke prarambhik din mein sabhi rajyon mein matdaan hota hai aur yeh kram 7-8 phaizon mein vibhajit hota hai.
Is chunaav mein Bharat ke vidhan sabhaon ke sadasya matdaan karne ka adhikar rakhte hain. Lok Sabha Chunav ke liye pratyek rajya ke vidhan sabha ke sadasya apne pradesh mein ek ya do ya tin se jyada lok sabha kshetron ko chun sakte hain, jis se unki sankhya vidhan sabha ke sadasyaon ki sankhya par nirbhar hai.
Lok Sabha Chunav mein bhartiye raajneeti ke pramukh dal aur vyakti bhaag lete hain. Kuch pramukh dal hain jaise Bhartiya Janta Party (BJP), Indian National Congress (INC), Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) aur bhi kai. In dalon ke pratinidhi apni party ke liye chunaav ladte hain aur jeetne ke baad unke saamne desh ke muddon ko suljhaane ki jimmedari hoti hai.
Lok Sabha Chunav ke ant mein chunaav aayog matdaan ki ginati karta hai aur jiske saath bahumat ka sadasya Lok Sabha ke sadasya ban jaata hai. Is tarah se Lok Sabha Chunav Bharat ke nagrikon ke beech mein bahut mahatvapoorn hai, kyunki yeh desh ke sabhi nagriko ko apni rajneeti mein bhagidaari ka mauka deta hai.
Vidhan Sabha Chunav
Vidhan Sabha Chunav Bharat ke rajya sarkar ko chunne ke liye hote hain. Pratyek rajya ke Vidhan Sabha mein pratinidhi chunaav se chune jaate hain. Vidhan Sabha Chunav ka prakriya Lok Sabha Chunav ke prakriya se thoda alag hota hai.
Vidhan Sabha Chunav ke liye pratyek rajya ke vidhan sabha ke sadasya matdaan karne ka adhikar hota hai. Vidhan Sabha ke sadasyon ka chunaav 5 saal ke antaral par hota hai aur in sadasyon ke dvara pradesh ki sarkar chuni jaati hai.
Vidhan Sabha Chunav ke prarambhik din mein matdaan hota hai aur chunaav ka samay kareeban 1 mahina hota hai. Is prakriya mein pradesh ke alag-alag chunav aayog matdaan ki tithiyan tay karte hain. Matdaan ke din nagriko ko vidhan sabha ke sadasyon ko chunne ka adhikar hota hai aur iske liye unhe apne matdaan patro ke saath matdaan kendraon mein jana hota hai.
Vidhan Sabha Chunav mein bhartiye raajneeti ke pramukh dal aur vyakti bhi bhag lete hain. Jaise ki Lok Sabha Chunav mein, yahaan bhi pramukh dal hain jaise Bhartiya Janta Party (BJP), Indian National Congress (INC), Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) aur bhi kai. In dalon ke pratinidhi apni party ke liye chunaav ladte hain aur jeetne ke baad unke saamne pradesh ke muddon ko suljhaane ki jimmedari hoti hai.
Vidhan Sabha Chunav se sambandhit kuch mahatvapoorn tathy hain. Yah ek aisa chunaav hai, jismein satta ke darbari nahin, balki pratyek nagrik ka apna mat hota hai. Is prakar, Vidhan Sabha Chunav ki saphalta pradesh ki janata ke saath-saath uski bhavishya ki bhi saphalta ko tay karta hai.
Nagar Palika Chunav
Nagar Palika Chunav sthaaniya swashasan ke liye hote hain. Nagar Palika Chunav mein nagar palika parishad ke sadasya chune jaate hain. Yah Chunav nagar aur shaharon mein hota hai aur sthaaniya swashasan ki jimmedari nagar palika ke haathon hoti hai.
Nagar Palika Chunav ke liye pratyek nagar aur shahar mein matdaan hota hai aur pratyek nagar mein ek ya do ya do se jyada nagar palika kshetron ko chunne ka adhikar hota hai. Is chunaav mein nagar aur shaharon ke nagrik apna matdaan ka adhikar istemaal karte hain aur iske liye unhe matdaan kendraon mein jaana hota hai.
Nagar Palika Chunav ke pramukh muddon mein shaamil hote hain: nagar ki safai, sadakon ki suvidha, pani ki upalabdhi, bijli ki upalabdhi, aur shahar ki prabandh. Chunav mein bhartiye raajneeti ke pramukh dal aur vyakti bhi bhag lete hain.
Nagar Palika Chunav mein sabhi rajneetik dal jaise Bhartiya Janta Party (BJP), Indian National Congress (INC), Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) aur anya dal bhaag lete hain. In dalon ke pratinidhi apni party ke liye chunaav ladte hain aur jeetne ke baad unke saamne shahar ke muddon ko suljhaane ki jimmedari hoti hai.
Nagar Palika Chunav ki saphalta shahar ke vikas aur sthaaniya swashasan ke liye bahut mahatvapoorn hoti hai. Is Chunav mein nagrik apne shahar ke liye behtar sevaon ke liye chune jaane vaale sadasyon ka chayan karte hain. Is tarah se Nagar Palika Chunav desh ke sthaaniya swashasan ko majboot banata hai aur shaharon ke vikas ko tej karta hai.
Gram Panchayat Chunav
Gram Panchayat Chunav Bharat ke gaonon mein hote hain. Gram Panchayat Chunav ka prakriya gaon ke sarpanch aur gram panchayat ke sadasyon ko chunne ke liye hota hai. Gram Panchayat Chunav ka mukhya uddeshya gaon ke vikas aur prabandhan ko majboot banana hota hai.
Gram Panchayat Chunav ke liye gaon ke sabhi nagrik matdaan ke adhikar se sahi roop se labh uthate hain. Gaon ke nagrik matdaan kendra mein jaate hain aur apna matdaan karte hain. Gram Panchayat Chunav ke prarambhik din mein matdaan hota hai aur chunaav ka samay kareeban 1 mahina hota hai.
Gram Panchayat Chunav mein bhartiye raajneeti ke pramukh dal aur vyakti bhi bhag lete hain. Jaise ki Vidhan Sabha Chunav mein, yahaan bhi pramukh dal hain jaise Bhartiya Janta Party (BJP), Indian National Congress (INC), Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) aur bhi kai. In dalon ke pratinidhi apni party ke liye chunaav ladte hain aur jeetne ke baad unke saamne gaon ke vikas aur muddon ko suljhaane ki jimmedari hoti hai.
Gram Panchayat Chunav mein sabhi nagrik apne gaon ke liye behtar sevaon ke liye chune jaane vaale sarpanch aur gram panchayat ke sadasyon ka chayan karte hain. Gram Panchayat ke sadasyon ko chunne ke liye ek chunav prakriya hoti hai. Is prakriya mein gaon ke nagrik apne manchon ke saamne apne vicharon ko rakhte hain aur sarpanch aur gram panchayat ke sadasyon ko chunte hain.
Gram Panchayat Chunav ki saphalta gaon ke vikas aur prabandhan ke liye bahut mahatvapoorn hoti hai. Is Chunav mein nagrik apne gaon ke liye behtar sevaon ke liye chune jaane vaale sarpanch aur gram panchayat ke sadasyon ka chayan karte hain. Is tarah se Gram Panchayat Chunav desh ke gaonon ke vikas aur prabandhan ko majboot banata hai.
Rajya Sabha
Rajya Sabha Bharat ke upper house of Parliament hai aur ismein sabhi rajyon ke pratinidhiyon ka sammilit hote hain. Rajya Sabha ke sadasyon ko seedhi prakriya dvaara chune jaata hai, jise Rajya Sabha Chunav kehte hain.
Rajya Sabha ke sadasyon ka chunav rajya vidhaan sabha ke sadasyon ke dvaara hota hai. Rajya Sabha ke sadasyon ki sankhya 245 hoti hai, jismein 233 sadasyon ko vidhaan sabha ke dwara chune jaata hai aur baaki 12 sadasyon ko sadharan matadhikaron ke adhaar par pradhaanmantri ke dwara chune jaata hai.
Rajya Sabha ke sadasyon ki avadh ka samay 6 saal hota hai aur iski sadasya sanchalan mandal ke dwara chune jaate hain. Sanchalan mandal ka pratinidhitva Rajya Sabha ke adhyaksh dwara kiya jaata hai. Rajya Sabha ke sadasyon ki sankhya sabhi rajyon ke anusaar alag-alag hoti hai aur yah sankhya rajyon ke aadhaar par vibhinn samay-samay par badalti rahti hai.
Rajya Sabha Chunav ka prakriya vidhaan sabha ke sadasyon ke dvaara hota hai, jismein vidhaan sabha ke sadasya matdaan karte hain. Har rajya mein Rajya Sabha ke sadasyon ki sankhya alag hoti hai, jo pradesh ki aabadi ke aadhaar par tay ki jaati hai.
Rajya Sabha ke sadasyon ke chunav mein party politics bahut mahatvapoorn hoti hai. Is Chunav mein pramukh rajneeti dal jaise ki Bharatiya Janta Party (BJP), Indian National Congress (INC), Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) aur anya dal bhaag lete hain aur apne pratinidhi chunte hain.
Rajya Sabha Chunav mein bhaari matdaan dvaara chune gaye pratinidhiyaan ki bahut badi pratishtha hoti hai aur ve desh ke liye mahatvapoorn nirnayon par sahamati ka vichar rakhte hain.
Uchch Nyayalaya ke Jaj Chunav
Bharat mein Uchch Nyayalaya ke Jaj Chunav ke prakriya ko Bharat ke Sanvidhan ke dwara nirdharit kiya gaya hai. Uchch Nyayalaya ke Jaj ke Chunav ke liye ek Chunav Aayog bhi banaaya gaya hai, jiska naam "Uchch Nyayalaya ke Jajon ke Chunav Aayog" hai. Yeh Aayog Uchch Nyayalaya ke Jajon ke Chunav ke prabandhan aur niyamak ke liye jimmedaar hota hai.
Uchch Nyayalaya ke Jaj Chunav ka prakriya kafi lamba hota hai aur ismein kai prakar ke logon ka yogdaan hota hai. Chunav ki prakriya shuru hoti hai jab koi Uchch Nyayalaya ka Jaj pensionable age par pahunchta hai ya retire hota hai. Iske baad, Uchch Nyayalaya ke Jajon ke Chunav Aayog dwara Chunav ki ghoshna ki jaati hai. Chunav ki prakriya mein sabhi Nyayadhish, Adhivakta aur Vakilon ke dvara pratyashi ko apni pratibadhata ka pratinidhitva karna hota hai.
Uchch Nyayalaya ke Jaj Chunav ke liye pratyashi ka chayan Sansad aur Rajya Sabha ke ek samiti ke dvara hota hai, jismein nyayadhishon ke saath-saath Sarkaar ke pratinidhi bhi shamil hote hain. Pratyashi ka chayan Uchch Nyayalaya ke nyayadhishon ke tarah vishesh roop se hone ke liye nirdharit kuchh gunon aur pramanon ke aadhaar par hota hai.
Uchch Nyayalaya ke Jaj Chunav ke liye pratyashi ke chayan ke baad, pratyashi ko Rajya Sabha ke uparashtrapati ke saamne prastut kiya jaata hai. Yadi uparashtrapati pratyashi ke liye sahamati dete hain, to pratyashi Uchch Nyayalaya ke Jaj bante hain. Uchch Nyayalaya ke Jaj ke chayan ke liye pratyashiyon ki sankhya nirdharit hoti hai, jo Uchch Nyayalaya ke Nyayadhishon ke dvaara prastut ki jaati hai.
Uchch Nyayalaya ke Jaj ke Chunav ka mukhya uddeshya Bharat ke nyayik pranali ko majbooti aur aadesh ki prakriya ko sahi tarike se chalane ke liye nyayik prakriya ko surakshit karne ke liye hai.